What is calculous prostatitis: why it develops, how to determine it, treatment methods

Calculus prostatitis is a rare form of the disease that requires specific treatment.Therefore, it is important to know how it occurs and what signs it comes with.In this article you will learn about all the features of the disease.As well as diagnostic and treatment methods.

Calculus prostatitis is characterized by an inflammatory process in which conglomerates with a dense structure are formed.In other words, they are stones located in the prostate.They consist of elements that enter the male body.They arise in prostate secretion against the background of chronic prostatitis and pathological disorders.

Causes

The cause of calculous prostatitis may be the following:

1. Infection of the genitourinary system.These can be diseases such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis and so on.In the process of reproduction and activation of pathological microorganisms, obstruction is observed in the prostate ducts, against the background of which the secretion acquires a thick, viscous structure.Thus, bacteria create a favorable environment for the formation of stones, and prostatolites contribute to an increase in inflammatory processes, which causes the development of congestion in the prostate.
2. Stagnation of all processes in the gland, which occurs for various reasons - the presence of an adenoma (benign tumor) in the prostate, inactivity, the influence of unhealthy foods, abuse of alcoholic beverages, smoking.But most often the reason lies in the lack of regular sex life, as in this case the glands cannot empty the stones normally, which is why stagnation occurs.
3. Urethroprostatic reflux.With this disease, small doses of urinary fluid are released into the prostate during urination.As urine accumulates, crystallized salts are released, which over time increase and thicken, turning into stones.Urethroprostatic reflux develops due to injuries to the urethra, with prostate atony, prostate resection, etc.
4. Impaired blood circulation in the pelvic organs also leads to stagnation.
5. Frequent hypothermia of the body and genitals.
6. Lack of personal hygiene causes infection, which leads to calculous prostatitis.
7. Old age.This is due to the fact that a kind of coating of phosphoric acid and lime forms on the condensed epithelium and amyloid bodies.

The rock formations have a yellowish hue and are spherical in shape.The minimum size of prostatoliths is 0.25 cm, the maximum is 0.4.They form singly or in multiples and are predominantly of the following types: phosphate stones, oxalate stones or urate stones.

Symptoms

The presence of prostatoliths in the prostate is indicated by the following signs:

• dull, aching pain in the perineum, groin, coccyx, scrotum;
• increased pain after physical activity, bowel movements, sexual intercourse, prolonged stay in the same position;
• sharp pain when urinating;
• jet intermittency;
• frequent need when urine is retained;
• blood particles in urine and semen;
• premature ejaculation;
• weakening of potency;
• increased body temperature;
• insomnia;
• decreased appetite;
• psycho-emotional instability.

Stages of bacterial prostatitis

• Primary or catarrhal.In the primary form, stones form in the acini or ducts of the prostate.Symptoms of the catarrhal type are mild, the signs resemble colds.If you consult a urologist in a timely manner and start appropriate treatment, you can get rid of the disease within a week.
• Secondary or follicular.In the secondary form, prostatolites penetrate the organ from the kidneys, bladder and other elements of the body against the background of urolithiasis.The follicular type may develop after the untreated catarrhal type.The manifestations are acute, with an increase in body temperature and suppuration, the duration of therapy is long.
• Tertiary or parenchymal.In the tertiary form, the prostate parenchyma is affected, which is why it is called parenchymal (diffuse).It is the last phase of the acute course, in which the symptoms are very acute.A purulent exudate forms in the inflamed area.The treatment process is long, tolerance is difficult.

Possible complications of calculous prostatitis

What are the complications of untreated calculous prostatitis:

• prostate abscesses due to the accumulation of purulent fluid in the tissues;
• intoxication of the body with purulent formations and the subsequent development of sepsis, which leads to death;
• prostate atrophy and, as a result, impotence;
• vesiculitis in acute or chronic form, which is characterized by dilation of the blood vessels of the spermatic cord, which leads to impotence and infertility;
• cystitis and urinary incontinence.

To avoid such consequences, when you notice the first signs, you need to go to the clinic and undergo a complete examination.

How to relieve an attack at home?

It is quite clear to any sane person that during an attack it is necessary to call an ambulance.But before your arrival, you can take regular painkillers.If you have propolis-based rectal suppositories in your home medicine cabinet, perform the appropriate procedure.Pain relievers and laxative tablets.

Which doctor is treating you?

A urologist (or andrologist) treats any form of prostatitis.Other highly specialized doctors are also involved in the process of diagnosis and selection of treatment tactics - nephrologist, infectious disease specialist and others, depending on the cause of stone formation.

Diagnosis

During the initial visit to the urology office, the doctor performs a palpation and visual examination, after which he collects an anamnesis.Lifestyle, the presence of certain pathologies and the nature of the symptoms that appear must be taken into account.The following diagnostics are performed:

• collection of blood and urine for general analysis to identify the quantitative number of structural units (composition of biological fluids);
• collection of seminal fluid (sperm in the calculous type of prostatitis are characterized by an increased amount of epithelial tissue and amyloid bodies);
• the spermogram allows the degree of motility and number of sperm to be studied;
• prostate x-ray;
• ultrasound examination of the prostate;
• computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.

It is mandatory to collect blood for PSA, which allows you to identify a specific prostate antigen (a type of prostate tumor marker).

Treatment of calculous prostatitis

The duration of therapy and the selection of therapeutic measures depend on the degree of neglect of the disease, as well as the form, cause of development and the presence of complications.

Drug treatment

1. Fluoroquinolone group for the destruction of pathogenic microbes, which most often cause prostatitis.These are antibiotics that easily deal with many pathogens.
2. Penicillin group of antibacterial agents.
3. Tetracycline group of antibiotics.However, tetracyclines have a large number of side effects, so they are prescribed less frequently than other groups.
4. Cephalosporins are used intramuscularly.
5. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve pain and eliminate inflammation.
6. The patient must take vitamin complexes to strengthen the immune system.

Surgical intervention

1. Transurethral electroresection allows you to remove stones and cauterize blood vessels.To do this, a high-frequency electrical current and a resectoscope are used, which is inserted through the urethral lumen.The operation is painless, but there is a possibility that prostatolith particles may remain.
2. Ultrasound-guided transurethral surgery.Unlike the previous method.Thanks to increased ultrasound screening, all stone formations are removed.
3. Strip prostatectomy (stones are removed by cutting) and endoscopic (using an endoscope inserted into the prostate).Along with advanced stones, resection of the prostate, lymph nodes and seminal vesicles is performed.
4. Lithotripsy involves the use of a laser, which crushes the stones and then removes them naturally.An endoscope is used for this.

Physiotherapy

• exposure to ultrasound reduces the level of inflammation, relieves pain;
• laser therapy accelerates metabolic processes in the prostate and relieves discomfort;
• Magnetic therapy restores blood circulation and counteracts swelling.

Massage normalizes the patency of the ducts, accelerates blood supply, which is considered effective for prostatitis, but for the calculous form it is strictly prohibited.The reason is that prostatoliths can move throughout the body.

If you cannot carry out physiotherapeutic procedures, you can carry them out at home using special devices.But remember that physiotherapy is only effective during remission - when prostatitis is in the acute phase, the use of devices is prohibited.

Diet therapy

A patient diagnosed with calculous prostatitis is required to adhere to a special diet, which is developed by a nutritionist on an individual level, in accordance with the severity of the pathology.

The basis of dietary nutrition is the avoidance of alcoholic and carbonated drinks, fried, smoked, salty and spicy foods.It is undesirable to use broths based on fatty meat, fish and mushrooms.From vegetables you will have to exclude horseradish, radish, garlic, cabbage, beans and onions.And other products that lead to the formation of gases.

Therapeutic exercise

It is always used for prostatitis, but in the calculous form, the exercises must be light to avoid moving stones.Gymnastics should stretch the muscles of the perineum.To do this, you can do the following exercises at a slow pace:

1. Stand up in the chair and rest your hands behind your back.Take one leg to the side, lifting it as high as possible.Lower the member.The same actions are performed with the other leg.Number of approaches – 8-10.
2. Stand with your back to the chair and lean on it.Raise your legs to your stomach one by one, bending them at the knees.
3. Spread your legs wider than your shoulders, squat down and hold the position for a few seconds.Stand.When doing the exercise, try to make elastic movements in the squatting position.Repeat a maximum of 5 times.

Folk remedies

1. Eat 25-30 raw pumpkin seeds every day on an empty stomach.
2. Herbal decoction.You will need an equal proportion of plain ostudnik and black initial letter.Set aside 1 tablespoon.I.herbs, pour 0.5 liters of “steep” boiling water and let it brew.Take 100 mg 3 times a day, half an hour before meals.
3. Prepare brown rosehip root according to the recipe indicated on the pharmacy packaging.Drink as tea three times a day.
4. Pour 2 tablespoons into a glass of boiling water.I.parsley seeds and cook for 10-15 minutes over low heat.Leave for an hour.Drink a tablespoon up to 6 times a day.
5. Drink 600-1,000 ml of freshly squeezed asparagus juice daily.
6. Other natural juices are also useful - carrots, beets, cucumbers.

Forecast

In the treatment of calculous prostatitis, conservative therapy is initially used, the result of which is usually favorable.In advanced forms and in the absence of positive dynamics from drug therapy, surgery is used.In this case, the prognosis is also favorable.But special attention should be paid to the rehabilitation period to prevent infections and other complications.

Prevention measures

To prevent the development of the calculous type of prostatitis and prevent relapses, follow simple rules:

• eliminate bad habits;
• seek medical help immediately for any pathological disorders;
• strictly follow the urologist's instructions;
• don't get too cold;
• to avoid infection, use a condom;
• Have an active sex life with a partner.